KASASHE 10 DA SUKA FI KO INA TSANANIN ZAFI A DUNIYAR NAN A WANNAN SHEKARAN.

A ranar Talata 10 ga watan Mayu ne hukumar da ke kula da hasashen yanayi ta duniya ta yi gargadi cewa duniyar na iya fuskantar mummunan yanayin zafi sama da wanda ake gani yanzu a cikin shekaru biyar gaba.

Hukumar ta ce yanayin zai zarta maki daya da ɗigo bayar na gejin da ake kokarin kaucewa kan ma'aunin selsius, wanda kuma ake nuna fargaba a kai.

Masana kimiyya sun ce ko da sau daya a cikin shekara aka samu yanayin da ya zarta maki 1.5, za a shiga yanayi mai mugun hadari da samun narkewar ƙanƙara kan teku da ambaliya.

Hukumar ta ce karya dokokin da aka cimma a yarjejeniyar sauyin yanayi na birnin Paris ko da sau guda ne, na iya haifar da matsalar da za a jima ana ɗanɗana kuɗa na ɗumamar yanayi.

yanayin da ake cikin tun daga wata Afrilu ƙasashe irin Najeriya da maƙwabtanta ke fuskantar tsananin zafi, ta yadda har wasu ƴan ƙasar ke ganin babu ƙasar da ta kai tasu zafi.

A wannan maƙala, BBC Hausa ta yi nazari kan ƙasashen da suka fi zafi a duniya, ta hanyar yin bincike, inda ta samo bayanai daga wata cibiyar bincike mai zaman kanta a Amurka kan abubuwan da suka shafi al'amuran duniya wato World Population Review.

A shafinta na intanet, cibiyar ta wallafa ƙasashen da suka fi tsananin zafi a shekarar 2022, wanda Najeriya ba ta bayyana ma a cikin goman farko ba.

Matakin farko da ake bi wajen tantance kasar da ta fi kowacce zafi a duniya shi ne aunata. Misali shin kasar ita ce wadda ta fi kowacce tsananin zafi a duniya a shekarar da ta gabata?

Idan haka ne, wannan ita ce kasar Kuwait, wadda tsanain zafi ya kai maki 53.2 a ma'aunin selshiyos a birnin Nuwaiseeb a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni 2021.

Shin ita ce kasar da ta sanar da tsananin zafi mafi kona a tarihi? Idan haka ne, wannan kasa ita ce Amirka, da zafin ya kai maki 56.7 a ma'aunin salshiyos a Death Valley, a Californias a shekarar 1913.

Shin wannan kasar ita ce ta fi kowacce zafi a lokacin bazara, ba tare da la'akkari da sanyin da aka yi a lokacin hunturu ba?

Ita ce kasar da yanayin zafin ya zama babu yabo ba fallasa cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata? Bayan duba duk wadannan abubuwa, wannan makala za ta yi nazari akan kasa ta karshe da muka ambata.

Yadda tsananin zafi ke naƙasa kananan sana'o'i a Indiya

Tsananin Zafi: Mutum kusan 70 sun mutu a yanayi irinsa na farko a Canada

Sauyin Yanayi: Ranakun da ake samun tsananin zafi sun ninka a duniya

Kasashe 10 da suke sahun gaba a matsanancin zafi a duniya daga shekarar 1991-2020 ( ta amfani da madaidaicin yanayin zafi a kowacce shekara)

Mali - Zafin ya kai maki 28.83°C / 83.89°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Burkina Faso - Zafin ya kai maki 28.71°C / 83.68°Fa ma'aunin selshiyos

Senegal - Zafin ya kai maki 28.65°C / 83.57°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Tuvalu - Zafin ya kai maki 28.45°C / 83.21°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Djibouti - Zafin ya kai maki 28.38°C / 83.08°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Mauritania - Zafin ya kai maki 28.34°C / 83.01°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Bahrain - 28.23°C / 82.81°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Palau - Zafin ya kai maki 28.04°C / 82.47°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Qatar - Zafin ya kai maki 28.02°C / 82.44°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Gambia - Zafin ya kai maki 27.97°C / 82.35°F a ma'aunin selshiyos

Mali ce kasar da tafi kowacce zafi a duniya, wadda a kowacce shekara ake samun zafin ya kai maki 83.89°F (28.83°C) a ma'aunin selshiyos.

Kasar da ke yammacin Afirka, Mali na da iyaka da kasashen Burkina Faso da Senegal, wadanda duka su na cikin jerin masu fama da zafin.

Rairayin Sahara ne ya mamaye yawancin kasar Mali, kuma yawancin kasashe irin wannan ba sa samun wadataccen ruwan sama, inda fari ke samun matsuguni a can.

Amma fa ka kudurta a ranka cewa wannan ba yana nufin yanayin da za a shiga baki daya lokacin bazara ne ba, yanayin ka iya rikida ba tare da an farga ba.

Hakan na nufin wannan maki ba na daukacin lokacin ba ne, amma dai dukkan lokacin rana da dare ka iya sauyawa, haka lcikin watannin hunturu.

Misali, yanayi na kai wa maki 97°F da rana a birnin tumbuktu na Mali, sannan ya kai maki 108°F daga watan Maris zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba, wani lokacin ma har cikin watan Junairu amma shi ne wata mafi sanyi a shekara amma duk da hakan maki na kan 83°F.

Amma dare mafi sanyi lokacin hunturu makin kan kai 58-65°F adadi mafi soyuwa kenan, amma ya kan rikida cikin sauri zuwa tsakiya-80s (°F) kuma matsakaici.

Wadanne kasashe ne masu tsananin zafi a duniyar Earth?

Bisa tsari da doka, kasashen da ke kusa da duniyar equator su na da digirin 0, su ne suke fuskantar yanayi mai zafi, idan aka kwatanta da kasashen da ke nesa da arewaci ko kudancin duniya.

yin da ake kara matsawa kusa da da arewacin yankin Northern Hemisphereko kudancin Southern Hemisphere, yanayin na sauyawa a hankali, cikin kowacce shekara, hakan na nufin za a iya samun yanayin sanyi mai danshi (hunturu mai zubar ruwan sama) yanayin zai zamo mai tsananin sanyi.

Me ya sa wasu kasashen ke da yanayi mabanbanta?

Dalilin shi ne, equator da ke kewaye da duniya na sauyawa lokaci zuwa lokaci, hasken rana ma na taka rawa kan layin da ya raba duniua wato ikweto.

Har wa yau, hasken rana da ke ratsawa ya kuma watsu ta ko'ina ko wani bangare na daban na matukar tasiri musamman a wuraren da ke fama da zubar dusar kankara.

A wata fuskar kuma, hasken na ratsawa sosai cikin sararin samaniya, hakan na nufin kasashen da ke kusa da wannan rami, na samun karancin zukar hasken Solar, sai kuma ta zamo mai sassanyan yanayi.

Shin sauyin yanayi na taka rawa anan?

Yayin da masana ke cewa tsaunuka da tafkuna ka iya ta'azzara sauyin yanayi da gurbatar shi, wani abu da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a fuskantar tsananin zafin shi ne tasirin iyakokin kasa da kasa.

Don haka iyakokin kasashe na matukar tasiri ta wannan fannin, har ma a cikin kasashen.

Misali idan mukai duba ga yanayi, da sauyin yanayin a manyan kasashe kamar Rasha da Amirka. Ita Amirka ta na da tarin sararin da kowanne ke da na shi sauyin na daban, kama daga tsaunuka da teku har ma da manyan tafkuna.

Shin zafin na kara tsananta a kasashen da suke fama da zafin?

Shaidun masana kimiyya sun yi bayanin baki dayan duniya na kara zafi. Don haka kowacce kasa a duniya, daga mai sanyi zuwa mai zafi, ka iya fuskantar karuwar matsakaicin zafin.

Kamar yadda cibiyar' National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ta Amirka ta bayyana ta ce watan Yunin shekarar 2021, shi ne mafi tsananin zafi da aka fuskanta.

Amma da aka zurfafa bincike, daga hukumomin NASA da NOAA duk na Amirkar, sai aka gano tsakanin shekarar 2014-2020 shi ne lokaci mafi zafi da aka fuskanta cikin shekaru 171 da suka gabata.

Nazari irin wannan na kunshe da tarin shaidu da yadda dan adam ke kara ta'azzara sauyin da dumamar yanayi a dukkan bangarorin rayuwa.

Sai dai har yanzu tambayar ita ce, wane yanayi na zafi ne duniya za ta fuskanta, kuma ta yaya bil adam za su taimaka wajen kaucewa hakan, ko kuwa za su zuba ido ne da amincewa da hakan?